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Defining Osteoporosis
Low bone mass and structural bone tissue deterioration are the defining characteristics of osteoporosis. It makes the bones fragile and easy to fracture, especially in the hips, spine, and wrists. The bone is a complex, living tissue and needs to be nourished and supported just like any other body system. It continues to grow and build until about age 30, then it begins to break down at a faster rate than it is produced. Age related drops in estrogen, testosterone, and progesterone levels also cause bone loss. This affects all people, but is most pronounced in women after menopause.

What Keeps Bones Strong?
Calcium gives bones their density, but bones also need to be flexible in order to prevent fractures and weakness. The bone matrix is the flexible protein part of the bone. Calcium, phosphorous, and other minerals adhere to the bone matrix. Exercise strengthens the matrix, proper nutrition nourishes it, and hormones help build it and break it down.

The protein osteocalcin binds calcium to the bone matrix to give it strength. Vitamin K is vital for this protein’s function. Vitamin D improves calcium absorption, and vitamin C is used in collagen formation and protein stimulation. The antioxidant vitamin E can reduce the risk of bone fractures. Vitamin B12, B6, and folic acid can lower homocysteine levels, which are related to osteoporosis.

Bones and bone matrices also require several different minerals to stay strong and healthy, such as magnesium for proper calcium absorption and phosphorous for calcium metabolism and bone formation.

In conclusion, the best way to keep your bones strong is by exercising regularly and giving your body proper nutrition. You can also go to the doctor to get tested for vitamin and mineral deficiencies so you know what types of supplements to take. If you take good care of your body, you could avoid osteoporosis and other health problems.